HTML Styles - CSS

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Styling HTML with CSS

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets
Styling can be added to HTML elements in 3 ways:
  • Inline - using a style attribute in HTML elements
  • Internal - using a <style> element in the HTML <head> section
  • External - using one or more external CSS files

Inline Styling (Inline CSS)

Inline styling is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element:
Inline styling uses the style attribute.

Example

<h1 style="color:blue;">This is a Blue Heading</h1>

Internal Styling (Internal CSS)

Internal styling is used to define a style for one HTML page.
Internal styling is defined in the <head> section of an HTML page, within a <style> element:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {background-color:lightgrey;}
h1   {color:blue;}
p    {color:green;}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

External Styling (External CSS)

An external style sheet is used to define the style for many pages.
With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire web site by changing one file!
To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the <head> section of the HTML page:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

The id Attribute

All the examples above use CSS to style HTML elements in a general way.
To define a special style for one special element, first add an id attribute to the element:

<p id="p01">I am different</p>

The class Attribute

To define a style for a special type (class) of elements, add a class attribute to the element:

Example

p.error {
    color: red;
}
  • Use the HTML style attribute for inline styling
  • Use the HTML <style> element to define internal CSS
  • Use the HTML <link> element to refer to an external CSS file
  • Use the HTML <head> element to store <style> and <link> elements
  • Use the CSS color property for text colors
  • Use the CSS font-family property for text fonts
  • Use the CSS font-size property for text sizes
  • Use the CSS border property for visible element borders
  • Use the CSS padding property for space inside the border
  • Use the CSS margin property for space outside the border

<p class="error">I am different</p>

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